Here are some useful commands for the Terminal on a MacBook:

These commands should cover a wide range of tasks and help you effectively manage your MacBook via the Terminal.

List Files and Directories

ls

Common options:

ls -l      # long format
ls -a      # show all files, including hidden
ls -lh     # long format with human-readable file sizes

Print Working Directory
```
pwd
```
Create a New Directory
```
mkdir <directory>
```
Example:
```
mkdir new_folder
```
Create an Empty File
```
touch <filename>
```
Example:
```
touch newfile.txt
```

Copy Files or Directories

cp <source> <destination>

Example:

cp file1.txt file2.txt

Move or Rename Files or Directories

mv <source> <destination>

Example:

mv oldname.txt newname.txt

Remove Files or Directories
```
rm <file>
```
Remove directory and its contents:
```
rm -r <directory>
```
Display File Contents bash cat <file> Example: bash cat file.txt

Check Disk Usage
```
df -h
```
Check Directory Size
```
du -sh <directory>
```
Example:
```
du -sh Documents
```
Display Running Processes
```
top
```
Terminate a Process bash kill <pid> Example: bash kill 1234

Change File Permissions

chmod <permissions> <file>

Example:

chmod 755 script.sh

Change File Owner bash chown <owner>:<group> <file> Example: bash chown user:staff file.txt

Search for Files

find <path> -name <filename>

Example:

find / -name "*.txt"

Search Inside Files

grep <pattern> <file>

Example:

grep "search_term" file.txt

Compress Files

zip <archive.zip> <file>

Example:

zip archive.zip file.txt

Install Homebrew (Package Manager)

/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"

Install a Package with Homebrew bash brew install <package> Example: bash brew install wget

Clone a Repository
```
git clone <repository_url>
```
Check Repository Status
```
git status
```
Add Changes to Staging Area
```
git add <file>
```
Add all changes:
```
git add .
```
Commit Changes
```
git commit -m "commit message"
```
Push Changes to Remote Repository
```
git push
```
Pull Changes from Remote Repository bash git pull

Essential Terminal Commands for MacBook Users